Famous Ocean Explorers
Today the thought of yachts conjures up images of sunbathing, Caribbean holidays and luxury. But not so long ago, these vessels were the simple structures that intrepid explorers called home for many years at a time and transported people to places that they could never have dreamed existed. Yachts like the Santa Maria helped sailors find the North American continent while the Victoria was the first vessel to sail around the globe. Hundreds of years ago people were not only driven by the desire to explore the earth, but also to claim the best access to the riches of spices in the East. Many journeys ensued, with some resulting in the most spectacular and accidental discoveries. Even though every corner of the earth has now been “discovered”, man’s desire to explore the oceans has never ceased. To this day brave men and women face the swells to cement themselves in history by conquering the world’s oceans. The Forerunners of Ocean Exploration Bartholomew Dias and Vasco Da Gama The Portuguese have often been credited as some of history’s bravest explorers and the establishment of the Spice Route to India is to this country’s credit. What drove much exploration of the seas in the early years was a desire to gain the best access to the rich resource of spices in the East. In his quest to find such a route, Bartholomew Dias became the first European to navigate around the southern-most tip of Africa. It was Dias who first named the Cape the “Cape of Storms” and while the explorers did not make it all the way to the East on their 1488 journey, they have never been forgotten for their feat of being the first Europeans to sail around the tip of the African continent. Vasco Da Gama was more successful in his quest to create the best Spice Route for the Portuguese and, in 1498, reached Calicut in India. The tales of his cruel treatment of the people living in the places along the route are chilling, but his victory was claiming the best Spice Route possible in the name of the Portuguese. This sea route was far less treacherous than heading overland through Asia and gave Portugal the ultimate advantage in trade in the 15th and 16th centuries. Christopher Columbus By 1493, Italian Christopher Columbus was convinced that a quicker route could be found to the East by travelling west. What resulted was a discovery that changed the face of world geography forever. When he could not convince his own countrymen of his theory, Columbus moved to Spain and managed to convince the authorities to fund his expedition. He set sail in August 1492 and was in sight of the Bahamas within only ten weeks, which he mistakenly believed to be Japan. Further west when the voyagers reached Cuba, they were convinced they had found China and moved inland to “India”. The dark-skinned people they encountered were soon labelled “Indians” and Columbus returned to Europe victorious in his achievement of finding the quickest route to the riches of the East. Columbus returned to his East three times during the remainder of his life exploring Jamaica, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands and Trinidad. He died believing he had found the shortest route to the East, never knowing that he had in fact discovered something much, much more important. Ferdinand Magellan Ferdinand Magellan was not discouraged by the subsequent discovery of Columbus’ actual failure to find a westerly route to the East and set of in 1519 to prove that it could be done. Although from Portugal, Magellan undertook this journey with Spanish backing and set sail in 1519. The five ships in the party housed 260 men who had no idea where they were going as Magellan believed they would be too frightened too continue. A massive storm along the coast of South America forced the ships to seek cover and thus Magellan discovered an inlet — completely by accident. The Magellan Strait, as it is now known, offers a route through the South American continent to the Pacific Ocean on the other side. With one ship deserting the voyage, Magellan and his four other ships suffered extreme hardships on the Pacific and only 18 of the 260 men made it back to Spain three years later. The journey went through the Philippines where Magellan himself was killed in battle and on to the East where the ships were loaded with spices. The Victoria continued west and made it back to Spain, while all of the other ships were lost at sea. The westerly spice route discovered by Magellan and his crew was not used for many years, thanks to the treacherous outcome it had for the many men on board. Instead of discovering a new Spice Route, Magellan is actually credited with captaining the first circumnavigation of our globe, a more impressive feat by miles. Modern Ocean Explorers Ocean exploration has never stopped since the great explorers of the 15th and 16th centuries, but has simply evolved to become more in depth, competitive and adventurous. By the beginning of the 20th century, most of the earth’s waters had been explored and ocean travels became more about setting records than discovering new places. The year was 1895 when American Joshua Slocum set out to become the first man to sail solo around the world. He sustained himself during the three year trip by stocking up on supplies from islands along the way and his safe return home in 1898 cemented his place in the history books. The next person to better this record was Sir Francis Chichester in 1967 who managed an around the world feat that only required one stop in a year long trip aboard Gypsy Moth. It was a fellow Briton, Robin Knox-Johnston who, twelve years later, managed to finally circumnavigate the world without stopping — in a lightning fast 312 days. In 1988, Kat Cottee became the first woman to sail solo and non-stop around the world in an improved time of only 189 days. To date, the fastest solo trip every recorded to circumnavigate the globe occurred as recently as 2008. Francis Joyon, a 51 year old Frenchman, climbed aboard his 98ft fire-engine red trimaran Idec and reappeared around the world just 57 days later. This took a massive 14 days off the previous record which was held by the fastest female sailor in the history of yachting, Dame Ellen McArthur.Find out more about some of the spectacular yachts sailing our oceans today, many of which are available to buy or charter. http://www.ypi.co.uk/
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How To Choose A Tour Operator
Choose a tour operator can be a difficult process. Who do you choose? What questions do you ask? How can you be sure that this tour operator will give you the right vacation at the right price with the right level of service? The answers all come from the right questions. By asking the right questions, you will find out all that you need to know in order to choose the right tour operator. What Is Their Reputation? This is among the first questions you should ask. Of course, being this general may not produce the information you desire, but it is the underlying goal of this line of questioning. A company’s reputation can be identified by how many years it has been in business, how it ranks in crucial areas compared to its competition, and any awards it may have won. These aspects may provide some insight into what kind of company the tour operator in question is, although there is no better review that can be given than a word-of-mouth critique. If you have any friends, family or co-workers who have used a specific tour operator that opinion is a great place to start. If no one you know has used this company, then find out if the tour operator has any affiliations with business organizations that are held in high esteem. Any awards or similar recognition for excellence is another telltale sign of a company that could be a winner and worth looking into further. Other important questions are: Is this company small or large? How does this affect its service on the personal level? How does this affect the choices it offers when it comes to tour packages? The answers to these questions can indicate what kind of experience you will have if you choose to make your plans with this specific tour operator. A small company may work harder to keep you satisfied with personalized service, and a large company may offer more options. Of course, a large company may work just as hard to make sure you are satisfied, and a smaller company may have just the tour package that you are looking for. You just have to do some research to find out. Rest assured, the more time that you take to become informed about the company, the more comfortable you will be when you make your final decision. Check Their History Another aspect you may want to consider is the company’s track record. Has the company been in business for a long period of time? The answer to this important question can be an indication of stability and reliability of the company. If everything else you have found out about the company is adding up, the length of time the company has been in business could be what finalizes your decision. The more questions you ask, the more information you can learn. Is the company well connected? If the company is a partner with other reputable companies then it may be able to offer you special discounts on related services. Also, does this company specifically have a long history of tours like the one you are looking for? An established tradition of tours may have led to improvements to the tour over time. You want to know what they have done, how well they have done it, and how long they have done it for. What Is Their Relationship With Their Customers? This is a big question and a telling aspect about the level of service the company provides. Although price is very important, customer service is important as well. How friendly is the tour operator? Are they available for questions, concerns, and anything else you may need? Can they tell you everything about the tour that you are considering, and can they send you thorough information which pertains to tours and attractions? Remember, the tour operator you choose will work for you. Providing you with all of the details and the level of customer service you require is important to your eventual happiness with the vacation itself. Find out if the tour operator in question has a website or not. If they do have a website, how helpful is it? If you prefer to do most of your communicating online then this can be an important factor. While you want to be able to get someone from customer service on the phone at any time, a website that allows you to do everything you need to do online can be a big plus. You want the website and all other interactions with your tour operator to have a user friendly feel. The act of choosing the right tour operator starts with asking the right questions. You will trust this company with your vacation and travelling arrangements so you want to make sure that they will go above and beyond to make this the tour of your dreams. By learning as much as possible about the company’s reputation, history, and their relationships with their customers, you can make sure that you have chosen wisely. After that you can focus completely on enjoying your tour.Lisa Parker is a freelance writer who writes about the travel industry and vacation deals, often discussing specific tour operators such as Globus Tours at http://www.flightcentre.ca/tours/globus/.
Source: www.ArticlePros.com

Popular Adventure Tours In North America
The growing popularity of adventure tours has changed the way many people spend their vacations. Once thought of as primarily a chance to kick back and relax, modern vacationers have a multitude of options available to them besides simply sitting on a beach. Adventure tours offer vacationers a chance to explore and challenge themselves in ways not possible in their everyday lives. Mountain climbing, hiking and white water rafting are just some of the exciting and memorable experiences vacationers can have on an adventure tour. Often experienced in remote parts of the world such as Africa or Southeast Asia, adventure tours are available in North America as well. Take a look at some of the most popular adventure tours available. Pioneer Adventures of the Old West Covering several beautiful landscapes in the Southwest area of the United States, this adventure tour will take you everywhere from the Grand Canyon to Montezuma Castle. As opposed to a vacation which simply takes you to the Grand Canyon or Zion National Park, this adventure tour includes both of these breathtaking locations as well as several other incredible landmarks. Besides coordinating meals and transportation, an adventure tour includes a qualified tour director to keep everyone together and informed of important stops and historical landmarks. For instance, during the “Pioneer Adventures of the Old West” adventure tour, the tour director will discuss the historical importance of Williams, which was once a rough frontier town. Vacationers who choose this adventure tour will also have the unique experience of seeing Sedona, Arizona, by 4WD Jeep. The Jeep tour goes through incredible Dry Creek Basin, offering the adventure tourist a different perspective of the landscape which was once home to the Old West. Grand Tour of Canada Most vacations take you to just one fantastic destination: a warm and beautiful beach, a majestic mountain range or a bustling city. An adventure tour combines all of these destinations into one memorable experience. The “Grand Tour of Canada” adventure tour includes all of these aspects. Visit the beautiful Canadian cities of Vancouver and Victoria, take a ride on the Athabasca Glacier on a custom designed ice explorer and take in the picturesque sights of Lake Louise and Banff. It is important to note that just because an adventure tour is mapped out and planned ahead of time, there are still days which can be customized to the vacationers specifications. Often referred to as “your choice activities”, these days are set aside so that vacationers can experience certain locations at their own pace. An example of “your choice activities” occurs during the Jasper stop on the “Grand Tour of Canada” adventure tour. Vacationers have the choice of taking a cruise across Maligne Lake, experiencing a horseback ride through the mountains or venturing down the Athabasca River on a comfortable float trip. Best of California An adventure tour allows you to experience more than just one location. The “Best of California” tour brings you the best of both San Francisco and Los Angeles, as well as everything in between. An ordinary vacation to either of these cities would of course be a great and memorable experience, but on an adventure tour nothing is left to chance. The thought and organization that is put into the planning of these tours ensures this, as does the tour director who accompanies you on your trip. The “Best of California” tour begins in San Francisco, ushering you across town on the famous cable car and through beautiful Pacific Heights and historic Golden Gate Park. As you soak up the culture and sights of this “world” city, the tour continues taking you into the California country and wilderness via Yellowstone National Park, Carmel and picturesque Pebble Beach golf course. Next stop is Santa Barbara and Los Angeles, California. Bringing you the best sights and sounds of the great state of California, this adventure tour takes you right down Sunset Boulevard to the famous “Hollywood” sign and Hollywood walk of Fame. This particular adventure tour offers two types of tours in one package. In both San Francisco and Los Angeles, vacationers are treated to an in-depth sightseeing tour and an orientation tour of Carmel, Monterey, Santa Barbara, Santa Monica and Beverly Hills. A North American adventure tour includes beautiful cities and landscapes, history and culture. An ordinary vacation to even one of the locations would not provide the incredible possibilities available to travelers on an adventure tour. Also, the degree of physical exertion and the amount of activities taken is entirely up to the vacationer. Some individuals want the most intense vacation they can find while others want the sights and sounds without an intense physical requirement. An adventure tour is a traditional vacation and so much more. Some adventure tours are crafted for the nature lover, highlighting numerous national parks and the best nature settings that North America has to offer. If you can dream it up, then there is probably an adventure tour available which can help you make your dream a reality.Lisa Parker is a freelance writer who writes about the travel industry and vacation deals, often discussing specific tour operators such as Globus Tours at http://www.flightcentre.ca/tours/globus/.
Source: www.ArticlePros.com